The scale of this phenomenon was highlighted by the travels of a prominent online figure known as Bufashi, who visited fifty-two different gravesites in a single year. Remote mountain ranges and dense forests were traversed in a dedicated search for the final resting places of ancient figures. These solo expeditions are seen as more than just acts of remembrance; they are viewed as conduits for establishing connections with long-dead idols whose legacies continue to influence the modern world.
This trend has since catalyzed a nationwide wave of historical nostalgia. On various digital platforms, topics related to these pilgrimages have been viewed more than 210 million times. One of the primary beneficiaries of this attention is Mount Beimang in Luoyang, a site historically recognized as a central political hub. Because more than forty emperors and thousands of noble figures were interred there, the mountain has been transformed into a primary pilgrimage site for these modern devotees.
The lengths to which these travellers will go are exemplified by the story of a woman by whom a twelve-hour train journey was undertaken specifically to reach the tomb of Li Yu, the final emperor of the Southern Tang dynasty. Offerings in the form of a prayer tablet and a volume of his poetry were brought to the site. Similarly, in Jingzhou, the 500th birthday of the statesman Zhang Juzheng was celebrated by a devotee dressed in authentic Ming dynasty attire. A banner and a cake were presented at the site, accompanied by written sentiments expressing that his commitment to the people is still honoured five centuries later.
Beyond the physical travel, a significant wave of consumer enthusiasm has been sparked. Historical texts and memorabilia are being purchased at an unprecedented rate. For instance, a biography concerning Cao Pi, an emperor of the Three Kingdoms period, was sold out within minutes of its debut, after which it was observed that resell prices had surged to eight times the original valuation. Additionally, more than 30,000 postcards featuring ancient portraits and poetry were sold by a single online retailer. The financial commitment of these fans is substantial; it was reported by one individual that over 200,000 yuan (approximately US$29,000) had been expended on travels to shrines and museums dedicated to the strategist Zhuge Liang.
For many participants, the act of honouring historical figures is utilized as a psychological defence mechanism against the modern world’s inherent uncertainties. In an era where career paths, relationships, and even longevity are viewed as unpredictable, historical figures are embraced as safe, unchanging symbols. Because their lives have already been concluded and recorded, they are seen as entities that cannot be entangled in contemporary scandals or disappear unexpectedly. Consequently, they are trusted as stable anchors from which lessons can be continuously drawn.
However, despite the economic and cultural benefits, certain risks are being highlighted by critics. It has been observed in various online videos that the offerings left behind, such as fresh fruit and floral arrangements, are frequently left to rot, thereby attracting pests. Furthermore, environmental pollution is being caused by banners and plastic wrappers that are inadvertently scattered by the wind.
As the movement grows, it is critical to strike a balance between public enthusiasm and the preservation of historical accuracy and environmental health. The transformation of ancient sites into vibrant cultural hubs demonstrates China’s enduring power, but responsibility for their preservation is now shared by the state and a new generation of passionate, albeit unconventional, historians.
